The Abbe Refractometer is an instrument made by the principle of total reflection, which is specially used to measure the refractive index of transparent, translucent liquids or solids. Because of its simple structure, small amount of sample, easy and fast testing and other advantages for the analysis and testing workers like to use.

Many pure substances have a certain refractive index, and if they contain impurities, the refractive index will change and deviate, and the more impurities there are, the greater the deviation. Therefore, the concentration of a substance can be measured by measuring the refractive index. In this paper, we measured the refractive indices of sucrose solution, sodium chloride solution, and the mixture of both at different concentrations using an Abbe refractometer and obtained satisfactory prediction results with the aid of the linear least squares regression method for quantitative analysis.

Abbe Refractometer Measurement Experiments

(1) Experimental Materials And Instruments

Sucrose, sodium chloride, distilled water, electronic balance, Abbe refractometer, thermometer, etc.

(2) Experimental Procedure

Before the experiment, various concentrations of sucrose solution, sodium chloride solution, and the two-component solution mixed with them were prepared. During the experiment, the Abbe refractometer was adjusted first. Open the stopper of the illumination prism and adjust the prism of the reading mirror field of view to make the field of view of the two telescopes bright, adjust the eyepiece in the telescope system to see the scale line on the dividing plate (X-type collinear), adjust the eyepiece in the reading telescope and turn the prism handwheel to see the scale value, and then open the prism group, scrub the surface of the prism with alcohol, and use distilled water for calibration. Use a dropper to inject the solution to be measured into the frosted surface of the illuminated prism, so that it is evenly spread over a layer. Close the prism, turn the prism handwheel so that the illumination telescope to see the "half-shade field of view", turn the handwheel of the dispersive prism until you can see the edge of the dark area is very clear, and then adjust the handwheel so that the edge of the dark area exactly coincides with the crosshairs fork wire, the refractive index from the dial to record this time, each concentration measured three times for the average. Record the room temperature value.